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1. Define descriptive and inferential statistics. What is the distinction between the two (provide examples of both)?

Descriptive statistics are numbers that are used to summarize and describe data.
EX: It would be helpful to know, that all participants in the example wore a red shirt.
Inferential statistics use a random sample of data taken from a population to describe and make inferences about the population.
EX: I could stand in a mall and ask a sample of 150 people if they like shopping at Dillard’s.

2. Define populations and samples. What is the distinction between the two (provide examples of both)?

Sample: is a small subset of a larger set of
data
EX: how many newborn babies in North America were boys?
Population: larger set is known as the
population from which the sample is drawn
EX: total number of newborn babies in North America.

3. Define an independent and dependent variable. What is the distinction between the two (provide examples of both)?

Independent variable- This is when a variable is manipulated by an experimenter
EX: An example could be the different ages because that is what changes the height

Dependent variable- Relief from depression
EX: An example could be, how tall you are at different ages.

4. What is the distinction between a discrete and a continuous variable (provide examples of both)?

Discrete variable- Variables such as a number of children in a household.
EX: A household could have 3 or 6 people but not 2.5 people.

Continuous variable- This is known as “time to respond to a question” variable. Because it is continuous and does not have discrete steps.
EX: The response time could be, 1.2 seconds or 1.23456745 seconds

5. What are the different levels of measurement? Provide examples of the different levels.

Ratio, interval, ordinal and nominal.
Ratio: an example would be, “how much money you have in your pocket right now”
Interval: an example would be the Fahrenheit scale
Ordinal: an example of this would be options like “very dissatisfied”, “somewhat dissatisfied”, “somewhat satisfied”, or “very satisfied”
Nominal: an example would be gender, favorite color, and religion

6. What is DSRP?

D- distinctions
S- systems
R- relationships
P- perspectives
DSRP is a theory or method of thinking developed by systems theorists and cognitive scientists, Derek Cabrera.

7. How is “Test” defined?

Something for measuring a “skill”, “knowledge”, “intelligence”, “procedure”, or “reaction”

8. How is “Measurement” defined?

The size or length of something- this is the action of measuring something