Research Topic: Different laws, regulations, and social norms among all countries that used social media.
Article: one Meta-Media Event, Two Forms of Censorship: The Charlie Hebdo Affair in the United Kingdom and Turkey.
Search 1: Censorship
Database: Social Media
Search Terms/ Restrictions : Full text Peer-reviewed
Number of returns: 1,695
The paper is honestly not that useful but also not useless I wanted more countries be sides the western countries, Russia, and china. As those countries appear to have a good stranglehold on most of the reliable data I can obtain. So it is nice to see data from a middle eastern country. Still the religious practices being included and banning certain materials like YouTube is rather strange.
Annotated Bibliography 1-
The article compares the western practices of a country like Britain and Eastern practices of Turkey. The main point of the article is freedoms given to individuals in places like Britain in comparison to a place like turkey. Much of the article talks about religious freedom and the ability to criticize Islam through media like cartoons. Its my belief that people should be able to find their own path and create media that best suites them but I am biased of course. If I was a practicing member of Islam who lived in a place like turkey my culture may have demanded me to follow that same doctrine to be socially accepted in that group.
Search Two: Censorship
Article: Hong Kong protests: A quantitative and bottom- up account of resistance against Chinese social media (Sina Weibo) censorship.
Database: communications and mass media
Search terms and restrictions: Full text and peer reviewed
Number of Returns: 961
Hong Kong protesters are perhaps the best people when it comes to getting out of a social media tyranny using tactics enabling freedom of speech. That is perhaps useful tool for knowing how to combat such horrible censorship. Still it would be a bit difficult to include in my article without fiddling some things.
Annotated Bibliography 2-
An interesting article discussing a top down perspective from the point of view from the Hong Kong protesters and other freedom fighters. How they use social media to their advantage by using keywords, titles, and other methods that can dodge the Chinse Censorship algorithm. It is dangerous, If the Communist Party of China usually doesn’t approve of negative feedback of the country. Its also not uncommon for people to lose their life/freedom from the state. The article is rather difficult to read for people who are not versed in media. Things like micro-blogging which is something I have never really heard of as well. Still the writer manages to explain most of the key terms as long as their not to basic. Still I find the article useful and interesting.
Article: Tensions between media censorship and regulation in Jamaica
Search Three: Censorship in media
Database: Communications and Mass media
Search terms and Restrictions: Full text and peer reviewed
Number of returns: 560
The article is about governmental control over media and the future and how it can be shaped. It can be worked into the paper rather well but I am afraid that when it comes to this form of media its more speculation. As the laws are only now being generated rather than being able to see the future outcome. But if a person were to make comparisons from another country like China. It is possible to see it turning sour.
Annotated Bibliography 3-
Jamaica is perhaps one of the most interesting developing country. With social norms that are more accepting towards substances like weed. Its military is poor, but with social media and geography it has become a tourist hot spot relying on tourism for a good chunk of the countries GPD. Their government is experimenting with a new policy. It will modify speech in Jamaica and allow the state to access and assess speech usually of a vile nature. The tools can be modified by the government and could be changed however the state sees fit. Concern over freedom of speech as well as the states control on media have been raised.
Article: Russian Media Piracy in the context of Censoring Practices
Search Four: Censorship in media
Database: Communication and mass media
Search Terms and restrictions: Peer reviewed and Full text
Number of returns: 164
I personally really like old communist art and culture. The sense of fear and peoples ability’s to survive on very little managing in starving conditions under a horrible government. Many books I have read over the years cover this subject the only problem is this article is rather interesting but besides some pirated material among other small sections the paper is rather worthless. Besides exposing the Russian culture of piracy which every country does in some way, shape, or form.
Annotated Bibliography 4-
Censoring in Russia in nothing new freedom of speech does not exist in this context. certain media is of course censored. But the more interesting section is about the laws and social norms when it comes to piracy. How the communist block fell it was rather common to steal or copy and sell western goods. Things like movies and music then selling them to the Russian people. This of course was dangerous as it could lead to death. However the practice of selling or at least possessing stolen copy righted material seems to be well and alive. That being said piracy in the digital age is nothing new.
Article: Rise in censorship of the internet and social media in Africa.
Search Five: Censorship in media
Database: Communications and mass media
Search terms and restrictions: peer reviewed and full text
Number of returns: 164
The question of developing countries taking an interest in developing technol0ogies and how they will use them is something I find interesting. When the Soviet Union fell many countries were given support by the soviet block when it fell so did their support. Many countries fell into anarchy and are still trying to recover. Not to mention horrible governmental control over warlords and other horrible people. Africa could use the internet not only to spread democracy but to radical develop themselves in a short period of time given that it could also be used to destroy democracy and enable a tyrant.
Annotated Bibliography 5-
Africa is quickly accepting and replicating all forums of media from all over the world. Currently social media is at the for front of their problematic dispute over freedom of speech in Africa. Should a person be able to make fun of the state or should the state control the output of media and create a controlled truth. The problem with this power dynamic is obvious but the main problem is the state. As it will most likely try to gain more ground and control over time. Their can only be freedom. Any other forum of governance that curtails freedom lead to further draconian laws.
Have I reached saturation?
Yes and No, I tried using multiple sources like Computer Science among others but the problem is that media in many countries is the same with different policies on freedom and different social norms. finding articles that talk about these subjects in length is rather difficult any attempt to use key words other than censorship, policy, social media. do return results but media is so vast that the articles that I need are actually few in number. Still I have enough material for me to be confident in it being saturated. Because I am using social media my main database was communication and mass media. At least their I had a couple hundred papers to work with that were full text and peer reviewed unlike computer science and some other databases that would only show about 1 result.
Eko, Lyombe, and Lea Hellmueller. “One Meta-Media Event, Two Forms of Censorship: The Charlie Hebdo Affair in the United Kingdom and Turkey.” Global Media and Communication, vol. 16, no. 1, 2020, pp. 75–101., https://doi.org/10.1177/1742766519899118.
Gumede, William. “Rise in Censorship of the Internet and Social Media in Africa.” Journal of African Media Studies, vol. 8, no. 3, 2016, pp. 413–421., https://doi.org/10.1386/jams.8.3.413_7.
ILYA, KIRIYA. “Russian Media Piracy in the Context of Censoring Practices.”
Lyombe, Eko. “Tensions between Media Censorship and Regulation in Jamaica.”
Zhao, Jingyi. “Hong Kong Protests: A Quantitative and Bottom-up Account of Resistance against Chinese Social Media (Sina Weibo) Censorship.” MedieKultur: Journal of Media and Communication Research, vol. 33, no. 62, 2017, p. 28., https://doi.org/10.7146/mediekultur.v33i62.24325.