The two databases that I used to conduct my simple searches were Sage Journals (Sage Premier) and the Communication & Mass Media Complete database from EBSCO Host.
Sage Journals (Sage Premier):
- “social media credibility” were the exact words used to look through all of the Sage Journals without parameters. 44,252 articles were returned with this search.
- “journalistic credibility” were the words used to search without parameters. 14,778 articles were returned with this search.
- “media trust” was the keyword that brought up 103,120 article results.
Communication & Mass Media Complete database from EBSCO Host:
- “watchdog journalism” were the exact keywords used to do the simplest search for this database. 113 articles were brought up with this search.
- “yellow journalism” were the words used that brought up 61 total articles.
- “journalism advertising” were the keywords used for this simple search that brought in a total of 405 articles.
(For all of these searches the most basic search was used on the databases and no parameters were set)
Potentially Useful Sources:
“Social media credibility”:
Gillis, T. L., & Johnson, K. (2015). Younger journalists more likely to use social media. Newspaper Research Journal, 36(2), 184–196. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739532915587293
“Journalistic credibility”:
Jahng, M. R., & Littau, J. (2016). Interacting is believing: Interactivity, social cue, and perceptions of journalistic credibility on Twitter. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 93(1), 38–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699015606680
“Yellow journalism”:
Otto, L., Glogger, I., & Boukes, M. (2017). The softening of journalistic political communication: A comprehensive framework model of sensationalism, soft news, infotainment, and tabloidization. Communication Theory (1050-3293), 27(2), 136–155. https://doi.org/10.1111/comt.12102
“Journalism advertising”:
Hufiman, J. L. (1976). I. Can advertising and journalism continue to live together? Journalism Educator, 30(4), 46–49. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F107769587503000415
Annotated Source:
(New source using “Social media credibility” as keywords.)
A web-based survey was used to study how media consumers view the credibility of professional and citizen journalists. This study wanted to find out the similarities and differences between these two types of journalists while also seeing to what extent credibility and social trust predetermine the roles of these different journalists. These questions were answered by asking the survey participants various questions such as how important they think getting news out fast while still being the most factual. The study used a seven-point scale, which varied from least to most important, and other least to greatest format variations. The study results show that the online media users understood the importance of professional and citizen journalism; however, there was still a higher rating for professional journalists. Social trust and credibility were significant factors in the online media users understanding these two roles of journalism. These findings show that even though citizens are not professionals, they still have a stronghold in modern journalism due to new technology like social media and its different delivery formats.
With this being the second source I have annotated, it finds the second part of my research question about the two modern elements – social media and advertising. This research article is useful because it provides other sources and uses an analytical study to find media users’ stances on these two different types of journalism. This information seems reliable because their study and analysis of measurements are based on other articles. Also, this study uses control variables to help group the individuals who take the survey and understand who they are. However, this study only contains 238 individuals, which is quite low for a quantitative study. Also, web surveys are not the best form to test individuals because it is not taken as seriously with skimming and sugarcoating. Overall, the research is objective and answers questions without jumping to unwarranted conclusions in its discussion.
This source is helpful to my research topic because it has research that helps me understand if professional journalists are or are not considered credible due to certain modern elements such as social media and advertising. It supports the idea that professional journalism is credible and presents the view that citizen journalism is also essential to media users. This article is a good starting place showing that new types of technology have created more respect for other types of journalists that are not professional. This research article has made me confident that I will find other research relating to my topic. At most, this article could be the framing of my research proposal, but not much more than that since it is almost ten years old and has certain flaws in how it conducted its study, such as the small size of its test group.
Source:
Nah, S., & Chung, D. S. (2012). When citizens meet both professional and citizen journalists: Social trust, media credibility, and perceived journalistic roles among online community news readers. Journalism, 13(6), 714–730. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884911431381